I. Introduction

• Major cause of morbidity and mortality

 II.  Intestinal Protozoa  

    A. Giardiasis

• Giardia lamblia
  
• symptoms variable
   
   

    B. Cryptosporidium sp.

        1. Introduction

• Found worldwide
   

        2. Transmission

• Fecal-oral route  
   

        3. life cycle

• Shizogony
   

        4. Pathogenesis

•  in healthy adults
  
• in AIDS patients
  
• no effective tx
   

II. Extra-intestinal Protozoa

    A. Malaria

        1. Introduction

            one of the most important diseases of humankind

             ~800-1,000 cases dx/yr in US
 

        2. life cycle/morphology

• vector is female anopheline mosquito
   

        3. Symptoms

            cyclic fever

            paroxysm

            recurrence

            recrudescence
 

        4. Microorganisms

            a) Plasmodium vivax
 

            b) P. ovale
 

            c) P. malariae
 

            d) P. falciparum
 

        5. Virulence mechanisms

            a) Ag variation
 

            b) lyse RBCs
 

            c) malarial toxins released
 

        6. Prevention
 
 

   B. Babesia sp.

        1. Introduction

• zoonosis
   

        2. Life cycle and morphology

• reservoirs
  
• vector
   

        3. Pathogenesis
 

    C. Trichomonas vaginalis

        1. Introduction
 

    2. Pathogenesis

•  females
  
• males
  
• neonates